Long Jump

A sprint down the runway, a takeoff from a board 20 centimetres wide, and a landing in the sand. If any part of the foot crosses the front edge of the board the jump is a foul. The distance is measured from that edge to the nearest mark in the sand, so sitting back on landing costs centimetres, and so does taking off well behind the board. Three jumps each, then three more for the best eight. Because the run-up is a sprint, the wind rule applies: a jump with a tailwind above 2.0 metres per second is wind-aided and does not count for records, which is why the biggest jumps in history include several with a small w next to them.